Shoulder Surgery

Shoulder : Common Conditions and Treatments

Shoulder surgery is a specialised field focused on diagnosing and treating various conditions affecting the shoulder joint. From injuries to degenerative diseases, understanding these common conditions can help patients make informed decisions about their care.

Rotator Cuff Tears

Rotator cuff tears are among the most common shoulder injuries. They occur when the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles tear, leading to pain, weakness, and limited shoulder mobility. Surgery may be recommended for larger tears or when conservative treatments fail to provide relief. Surgical options include arthroscopic repair, where the torn tendon is reattached to the bone using sutures.

Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Shoulder impingement syndrome occurs when the rotator cuff tendons become compressed between the shoulder blade and the humerus, causing pain and inflammation. Treatment often involves a combination of rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and corticosteroid injections. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to create more space for the tendons to move freely.

Shoulder Instability

Shoulder instability occurs when the shoulder joint’s structures become loose or stretched, leading to frequent dislocations or subluxations. Treatment may involve physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve stability. In cases of recurrent dislocations, surgical procedures such as arthroscopic stabilization or open Bankart repair may be recommended to tighten and reinforce the joint capsule.

Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)

Frozen shoulder is characterised by stiffness, pain, and restricted movement in the shoulder joint. Treatment typically includes physical therapy to improve range of motion and decrease pain. In some cases, manipulation under anaesthesia or arthroscopic release may be performed to break up scar tissue and restore mobility.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis of the shoulder occurs when the protective cartilage on the ends of the bones wears down over time, leading to pain and stiffness. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy to manage symptoms. In advanced cases, shoulder replacement surgery may be recommended to replace the damaged joint with artificial components.

Understanding these common shoulder conditions and treatment options can empower patients to work with their healthcare providers to develop personalised treatment plans that address their specific needs and goals. If you are experiencing shoulder pain or dysfunction, consult with an orthopaedic specialist to explore your treatment options and find relief.